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what is escalator and how you make it ?
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| amazing escalator design idea |
Not first century
facilitate our walking miracle stairs Jesse Reno. Although the original
objective was escalators powerful passenger transportation in subways,
train stations and major stores, the availability of funds are no
fundamental restrictions for their use in a wide variety of indoor and
outside them.On the background of crystal chandeliers and heated garden
paths it not so much luxury. And in some cases - in hospitals or homes
with disabilities, in offices where staff had to constantly move from
floor to floor, in areas where produce a continuous cyclical inspection
(eg, electrical, located on different floors) personnel on duty, - and
at an absolutely necessary tool. though Lifts require less space and
facilities, can not be compared with escalators on convenience, speed
and bandwidth.
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| creative escalators super idea |
Currently
commercially manufactured escalators length from 3 to 75 meters and cost
respectively from several thousand to a million dollars.In the widely
varied as their load capacity, speed and smoothness, length, width and
height of the steps, climatic performance, noise characteristics,
decoration, lighting, design details. Tilt angle can reach 35 degrees
for a relatively small height (up to 7 meters) and 30 degrees for long
escalators.
Thus, we can always
choose (or order exclusive) mechanism for any conceivable application:
united floors or terraces in the park, people rise to the head of a
statue or inspect able pool water . It is difficult to recommend such a
complex piece of engineering for the self-made (although historically
cases where planes going it alone in the garage). But a brief overview
of the technical challenges faced in the design and maintenance of
escalators, and help when buying a ready: it is always helpful to know
what options to look for, and what is due to the cost.
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| modern escalators design |
Classical escalator
structure is a set of steps, carts, mounted on the traction chain such
that each step bears only the load of the weight of people being
directly thereon, and the total force on the chain falls and reaches a
maximum at its highest point.Special force acting as a chain, and the
undercarriage bogies occurs when it is kinked around the drive sprocket
and considerably exceeds the average tension on the payload.It is
inversely proportional to the length of the link and the radius of
inflection. Similarly, these parameters depend on the longitudinal
"sitter" that reduces passenger comfort and durability of the escalator.
But it is impossible to reduce the length of the link on the strength
reasons.As a result, large diameter sprocket escalators exceed 2 meters.
Therefore, a huge moment on the shaft, so - a huge gear.
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| escalator parts terminology |
she stage-trolley
must withstand a force of more than 600 kg (on the knoll chain).
Moreover, the total backlash of its moving parts may not exceed 0.4 mm.
As a result, the cost of a conventional single stage metro escalator
(ET-2, ET-3) - 277.0000 USD .
Of course, almost
all of the problems outlined greatly simplified the transition to a
smaller size and power. When the length of the escalator is not measured
in tens and units of meters, the design load is 2 people on each step,
and 5 people . It's just a difference. Until the transition from
quantitative to qualitative changes: instead of rattling chains and
metal carts - polymer parts (light, cheap, in many cases do not require
lubrication) instead twitch gearing- and smooth clutches . Even with
purely quantitative (without changing the concept) reducing the load
capacity and length of 2 times the power consumed by the escalator is
reduced 4-5 times the cost - about 4 times. If you get to the same
qualitative leap, change orders are measured.
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| modern escalators design |
More fundamental
changes in the design (and price) occur during the transition to the
corners than lifting 12-15 degrees. At the same time have the
opportunity to opt out of the steps. Such mechanisms are called
travelators or (at very small angles) passenger conveyors. Their work is
a flat blade (of course, with high roughness and not slippery surfaces)
polymer or metal strap hinge. Often (at an appropriate distance from
the walls and surrounding objects) on the travelers can not use
handrails. In many cases, they are more convenient escalators (transport
of goods, carts, children and wheelchair users), more economical,
quieter. The only drawback - they occupy a large area to ensure the
lift to the same height, and are used, respectively, only in large areas
or open spaces, except in cases where the height difference is
negligible levels connected.
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| curved escalator design |
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